微粒暗色包体中锆石的形态演化及其制约机制   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

汪相  J.-R.Kienast 《中国科学D辑》2000,30(2):180-187

在浙江青田钙碱性花岗岩的微粒暗色包体中存在着３种不同类型的锆石,其中,Ａ类错石具有最小的、但变化范围最大的Ｉ_（ｐｒ）,Ｉ_（ｐｙ）和Ｉ_（ｅｌ）值;Ｃ类锆石与Ａ类锆石相反,具有最大的、但变化范围最小的 Ｉ_（ｐｒ）, Ｉ_（ｐｙ）和 Ｉ_（ｅｌ）值; Ｂ类锆石的晶型特征介于 Ａ类锆石与Ｃ类锆石之间．锆石的电子探针分析表明,微量元素（Ｈｆ, Ｕ, Ｙ, Ｔｈ）含量从 Ａ类锆石至 Ｃ类锆石呈现为连续增大的演化趋势,且伴随着含量的变化范围亦趋于增大．这些特征反映了Ａ类锆石、Ｂ类锆石和Ｃ类锆石依次形成于包体岩浆冷凝过程的不同阶段或包体岩浆侵入过程的不同空间位置．根据晶体的ＵＯ_２／ＨｆＯ_２,ＴｈＯ_2／Ｙ_2Ｏ_３,ＵＯ_２／（ＴｈＯ_２＋Ｙ_２Ｏ_３）比值分别与 Ｉ_（ｐｒ）, Ｉ_（ｐｙ）和 Ｉ_（ｅｌ）数值里显著的正相关性,可以认为锆石晶型变化是由于在不同锆石晶面上微量元素的差异性分配造成的．结合微粒暗色包体的岩石学特征和锆石的晶型和成分标型特征,可以推测包体岩浆可能同源于产生寄主花岗岩浆的部分熔融区,为该区残留物质部分熔融作用而分离出来的熔体。  相似文献   

Variations of continental discharge pattern in space and time: implications from the Laptev Sea continental margin, Arctic Siberia     

Hans Peter Kleiber  Frank Niessen 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2000,89(3):605-616

Variations in sediment input and distribution to the Laptev Sea continental margin during the Holocene and Termination I could be identified based on radiocarbon dated magnetic susceptibility logs and sediment thickness in high-resolution seismic profiles. Magnetic susceptibility of surface samples reveals an increased input of magnetic grains to the Laptev Sea deriving from the Anabar and Khatanga river catchments. Exposed magnetite schists and volcanic rocks of the Anabar shield and Putoran Plateau, respectively, function as major source of magnetic material. The distribution of magnetic susceptibility in association with the thickness of the Holocene sediments indicates bottom-current induced sediment transport guided by major submarine valleys on the Laptev Sea shelf. The sites of filled paleoriver channels identified in the seismic profiles suggest that during the Late Weichselian sea-level lowstand river runoff continued through four of the major valleys on the exposed Laptev Sea shelf. The sediments at the top of the lowstand deposits in front of the Anabar-Khatanga valley, represented in the seismic profiles by prograding deltas, are characterized by outstandingly high magnetic susceptibility values. Radiocarbon datings approximate the deposition of these high magnetic sediments between 10 and 13.4 ka. It is suggested that this increased input of magnetic material is related to the deglaciation of the Anabar shield and the Putoran Plateau and thus support their glaciation during marine isotope stage (MIS) 2.  相似文献   

Long-Term Temperature Trends and Tree Growth in the Taymir Region of Northern Siberia   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Gordon C. Jacoby  Nikolai V. Lovelius  Oleg I. Shumilov  Oleg M. Raspopov  Juri M. Karbainov  David C. Frank 《Quaternary Research》2000,53(3):312

The northernmost conifers in the world are located well above the Arctic Circle in the Taymir region of northern Siberia and have been recording the thermal environment for centuries to millennia. The trees respond to temperatures beyond the narrow season of actual cambial cell division by means of root growth, photosynthesis, lignification of cell walls, and other biochemical processes. Data from annual tree-ring widths are used to reconstruct May–September mean temperatures for the past four centuries. These warm-season temperatures correlate with annual temperatures and indicate unusual warming in the 20th century. However, there is a loss of thermal response in ring widths since about 1970. Previously the warmer temperatures induced wider rings. Most major warming and cooling trends are in agreement with other high-latitude temperature reconstructions based on tree-ring analyses with some regional differences in timing of cooling in the late 18th century and of warming in the late 19th century.  相似文献   

Health effects from the sun's ultraviolet radiation and ozone as a stratospheric sunscreen     

Frank R. de Gruijl 《Global Change & Human Health》2000,1(1):26-40

  相似文献   

Concentration of Ciprofloxacin in Brazilian Hospital Effluent and Preliminary Risk Assessment: A Case Study     

Ayrton F. Martins  Tibiriçá G. Vasconcelos  Danielle M. Henriques  Carla da S. Frank  Armin König  Klaus Kümmerer 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2008,36(3):264-269

This study was carried out to evaluate the occurrence of the fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent ciprofloxacin (CIP) in the effluent of the Hospital of the Federal University of Santa Maria (HUSM). Measured environmental concentrations (MECs) of CIP in the hospital wastewater, both before (P1) and after (P2) cesspit/filter system treatment (CFTS), were determined by means of solid phase extraction and reversed‐phase liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (LC‐FLD) and reversed‐phase liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (LC‐MS/MS). The MECs (n = 7 daily composed samples) were 19 to 155 μg L^–1 (average: 54 ± 21 μg L^–1) and 32 to 99 μg L^–1 (average: 65 ± 45 μg L^–1) in P1 and P2, respectively. No relevant removal was observed from P1 to P2. In a worst case scenario, the final effluent was regarded as MECs of surface water. These MECs were generally 5 to 20,000‐fold higher than what was previously known. If the present data is drawn on to form a model of the situation in developing countries, the picture provides a first rough indication that the environmental risk associated with the use and emission of pharmaceuticals into the environment in developing countries might be higher than in developed countries.  相似文献   

Establishing an In Vitro method for detecting estrogen-mimicking chemicals in environmental samples     

Roger Mathisen  Knut-Erik Tollefsen  Frank R. Knudsen  Jrgen Stenersen 《Marine environmental research》1998,46(1-5)

  相似文献   

New Spectroscopic Data of 17 Coplanar Polychlorinated Terphenyls Known as Scarcely Investigated Environmental Pollutants          下载免费PDF全文

Katharina Schäfer  Hubertus Wichmann  Frank Surup  Müfit Bahadir 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2018,46(9)

  相似文献   

Effects of atmospheric stability conditions on heat fluxes from small water surfaces in (semi-)arid regions     

Ali Abbasi  Frank Ohene Annor  Nick van de Giesen 《水文科学杂志》2017,62(9):1422-1439

Atmospheric stability conditions over the water surface can affect the evaporative and convective heat fluxes from the water surface. Atmospheric instability occurred 72.5% of the time and resulted in 44.7 and 89.2% increases in the average and maximum estimated evaporation, respectively, when compared to the neutral condition for a small shallow lake (Binaba) in Ghana. The proposed approach is based on the bulk-aerodynamic transfer method and the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory (MOST) using standard meteorological parameters measured over the surrounding land. For water surface temperature, a crucial parameter in heat flux estimation from water surfaces, an applicable method is proposed. This method was used to compute heat fluxes and compare them with observed heat fluxes. The heat flux model was validated using sensible heat fluxes measured with a 3-D sonic anemometer. The results show that an unstable atmospheric condition has a significant effect in enhancing evaporation alongside the sensible heat flux from water surfaces.  相似文献   

Overview of tritium records from precipitation and surface waters in Germany     

Axel Schmidt  Gabriele Frank  Willibald Stichler  Lars Duester  Thomas Steinkopff  Christine Stumpp 《水文研究》2020,34(6):1489-1493

Tritium is one of the most important environmental tracers in isotope hydrology for understanding the dynamics of groundwater and connected surface water and has been used in a wide range of applications at different scales. A key requirement for using tritium as a tracer is the knowledge of its spatial and temporal distribution in different water types. As a fundamental input, quantity long-term time series of tritium in precipitation are of particular importance. In this paper, the authors present an overview of tritium data sets of the Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), the Helmholtz Zentrum München (HMGU) and the German Weather Service (DWD). Since the 1970s, all three institutions have monitored the tritium concentration at 53 surface water and 37 precipitation stations on a monthly basis. The primary purpose of the data set was to provide baseline information for different water types all over Germany as an integral part of the German radiation protection monitoring system. Additionally, as geochemically inert tracer, tritium provides a unique tool to different user groups in a wide range of research questions and applications.  相似文献   

Rapid visual screening of soft-story buildings from street view images using deep learning classification     

Yu  Qian  Wang  Chaofeng  McKenna  Frank  Yu  Stella X.  Taciroglu  Ertugrul  Cetiner  Barbaros  Law  Kincho H. 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2020,19(4):827-838

Rapid and accurate identification of potential structural deficiencies is a crucial task in evaluating seismic vulnerability of large building inventories in a region. In the case of multi-story structures, abrupt vertical variations of story stiffness are known to significantly increase the likelihood of collapse during moderate or severe earthquakes. Identifying and retrofitting buildings with such irregularities—generally termed as soft-story buildings—is, therefore, vital in earthquake preparedness and loss mitigation efforts. Soft-story building identification through conventional means is a labor-intensive and time-consuming process. In this study, an automated procedure was devised based on deep learning techniques for identifying soft-story buildings from street-view images at a regional scale. A database containing a large number of building images and a semi-automated image labeling approach that effectively annotates new database entries was developed for developing the deep learning model. Extensive computational experiments were carried out to examine the effectiveness of the proposed procedure, and to gain insights into automated soft-story building identification.

  相似文献